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by Terri Bey


I read Richard P. de Kerbrech's "Down Amongst the Black Gang: The World and Workplace of RMS Titanic's Stokers," which is also the "Book of the Month for August for the Titanic Book Club. Mr. de Kerbrech describes the life of stokers, trimmers, etc., aka the "Black Gang, so named because of the black soot from the coal which covered these men from head to toe. The author also describes, in great detail, the equipment these men used, as well as the boilers and engines. Also discussed is the attempted saving of the RMS Titanic, by the Black Gang and the switch from coal to oil.


I found "Down Amongst the Black Gang" to be very well written. Mr. de Kerbrech wrote a very good book, overall. This book is recommended for those Titanic Enthusiasts who are interested in the mechanical aspects of the ship. I understood that the author wanted the reader to know what kind of equipment and environment the "Black Gang" were dealing with. I just felt that the minute details of how the boilers and engines were put together and the names of each part were a bit much for someone who may just have a casual interest. I just thought the book got a bit too technical.


I did like his inclusion of what went on in the boiler rooms on April 14/15. It had to have been frightening. I also liked Mr. de Kerbrech's discussion of the surviving crew going back home on the Lapland. I found the part about how the switch from coal to oil circa 1919 to be extremely fascinating as ships powered by oil needed up to 75% less men than ships powered by coal.


Overall, I do recommend the book, "Down Amongst the Black Gang: The World and Workplace of RMS Titanic's Stokers." Even though it is a bit technical, the book's author Richard P. de Kerbrech also does do a great job discussing the day-to-day lives of the "Black Gang" and the everyday dangers they faced operating a ship like the RMS Titanic. I have gained a new-found respect for these brave men.





Contact: Alydace@yahoo.com






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by Terri Bey


The sinking of the RMS Titanic on that cold April night in 1912 shocked the world. Titanic survivor Jack Thayer said, in part, "the world of today awoke April 15th, 1912," meaning that the world that he knew prior to the disaster had changed forever. Many lessons had also been learned from the disaster, and steps have been taken to make sure that a Titanic-like disaster never happens again. Such measures taken were lifeboat drills, lifeboats for all, the creation of the International Ice Patrol, etc., all of which are still used today. It really is a shame that a disaster of that magnitude had to happen for safety features to be installed.


Of course, I have been reading and studying about the Titanic disaster for many years. I have watched documentaries and movies, etc. I have already mentioned that the shipping industry has learned many lessons from the disaster. In my continuous studies, I have realized that I have learned lessons from the disaster itself, and I would like to share them with you.


LESSON #1: TO MAKE EACH DAY COUNT AND TO APPRECIATE LIFE


Yes. I did partially quote Leonardo DiCaprio as "Jack Dawson" in James Cameron's Oscar-winning Best Picture "Titanic" (1997). Everyone who has seen the film remembers his character giving that whole speech about how he "never knows where he is going to be.." and all of that. Much of what he says is quite true, especially the part about "taking life as it comes," and how "life is a gift and {he} doesn't intend on wasting it."


Even before I even heard of James Cameron, it was very early in my studies of the ship's voyage that I learned this concept. Throughout the entire voyage in all three classes, everyone was having a great time. Colonel Archibald Gracie spoke about how he enjoyed the heated pool. The Third Class entertained themselves by playing instruments if they had any and danced. The Third Class ate with actual cutlery. The Second Class Passenger accommodations were just as good as many accommodations in First Class in other ships. The evening of the disaster, Captain Smith is being feted by the Wideners. Everyone is having a great time and then disaster strikes, and 1496 people, including Captain Smith, George Widener, and his son Harry perish. Life can change in an instant.


I have learned from my studies of the disaster to always appreciate life. There were times where I just wanted to give up when things went wrong. However, I learned from the Titanic disaster how quickly life can be taken from you. The passengers on the Titanic were happy passengers throughout the day on Sunday and the large majority of Sunday evening and then they were fighting for their lives early Monday morning. I realized that I always have to try to make the most of my days on this earth. You are given only one life and you shouldn't waste it.




LESSON #2 AWARENESS OF CLASS AND HOW DISASTER IS A GREAT EQUALIZER


During the Gilded Age in which the Titanic Disaster occurred, there was a very distinct class structure. Passengers who traveled on the liner were separated by class as well. The RMS Titanic left Queenstown, Ireland with 1317 passengers, along with 891 crew. There were 324 First Class Passengers, 284 Second Class Passengers, and 709 Third Class or Steerage Passengers.* As most people know, everything on the Titanic was separated by class. The accommodations were separated, particularly in Third Class, due to sanitation rules. This separation of class became particularly glaring, when at 11:40 pm, on April 14, 1912, the splendid liner struck an iceberg and Captain Smith gave the order to evacuate about an hour later.


As Titanic enthusiasts know, the First Class Passengers had access to the lifeboats. The Second Class Passengers were next and the poor Third Class Passengers had to fend for themselves. The statistics demonstrate this. In First Class, only 4 women and 1 child perished, whereas in Third Class, 90 women and 46 Children. Many First Class men, such as Isidor Straus, John B. Thayer II, George D. Widener, etc. perished in the disaster, but the total losses of 118 First Class Male Passengers are still less than the 154 men who perished in Second Class and the 392 men who perished in Third Class. Studying how the evacuation took place and how Third Class Passengers, in particular, had such a difficult time getting access to the boats just opened my eyes to how people were valued at that time, even in a life and death situation.


I had always been aware of class anyway. I always felt that the poor in general, many through no fault of their own, got the short end of the stick. The rich and famous, on the other hand, are glorified and admired. When the news of the sinking hit the papers, the only passengers mentioned were the prominent ones, like the Astors and Guggenheim. None of those in Third or even in Second Class were mentioned at all. We still experience this kind of behavior in today's society and in today's media.


Another lesson for me that I learned from the Titanic disaster is that disaster, in general, is a great equalizer. When at 2:20 AM, the great liner made her final plunge beneath the waves and left 1496 dead, it didn't matter at that point what your class structure was. Among the dead were poor immigrants who were trying to get to America to live a better life and had that opportunity taken from them, as well as millionaires, whose millions could not save them from the RMS Titanic's final moments.


LESSON #3: COMPASSION


The final lesson that I have learned from studying the RMS Titanic is that to have compassion for people. The Titanic disaster was difficult for the relatives of the victims but very difficult for those who survived the disaster. Today, we have therapists and other help for people affected by disasters and treatment for what is now called Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome. Back in those days, there likely was no way to treat conditions such as "survivor's guilt," and PTS. Male survivors were shamed for surviving because of the mantra of "women and children first." Quartermaster Robert Hitchens, who was at the wheel when the ship struck the iceberg had great difficulty dealing with the aftermath. I can imagine that Lookout Frederick Fleet must have dealt with people shaming him for surviving and also blaming him for the collision with the iceberg. Fleet eventually committed suicide in 1965 a couple of weeks after the death of his wife.


I can't imagine ever losing a loved one or have a loved one experience a disaster as horrible as the sinking of the Titanic. I hope such a disaster never happens to someone I love. I try to always appreciate people, especially my friends and family, and always try to reach out to people who are going through hard times. You never know what they are dealing with in their lives. Studying the disaster and its impact on people makes me think that maybe I should not be thinking about my own problems and think about others for a change. I have certainly made huge attempts to be more compassionate and to be kind to people, thanks to the study of the Titanic disaster. I don't always succeed, but I do try. It costs nothing to be kind.


From HTTP://www.titanicology.com by Samuel Halpern.


Thank you for reading.


Contact:


Alydace@yahoo.com

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by Terri Bey


I want to start this blog by wishing Sir Paul McCartney a happy 79th birthday. Sir Paul McCartney was born on this day on June 18, 1942. McCartney is famously known as the founder of the band WINGS and another band you might have heard of, The Beatles. Now, what does the Rock and Roll Hall of Famer have to do with the RMS Titanic? How can a famous Rock and Roll Hall of Famer and his band have anything in common with the world's most famous ship, since Noah's Ark?


As a youth studying the Titanic disaster, I always looked at photos in the encyclopedias, as that was the only reference books I had at the time, and I noticed something very strange about the ship. As students and historians of the ship know, the RMS Titanic sank "by the head," or bow first, so her stern is rising out of the water. On the back of the stern, I saw her name and I also saw the name of the city of LIVERPOOL. I admit that I was confused for years. I could not, for the life of me, figure out why the RMS Titanic, which was built in Belfast, Northern Ireland and sailed from Southampton, England, would have the name, "LIVERPOOL" on her stern.


I found through research that Liverpool, UK was where the White Star Line's home offices were located. The White Star Line was founded in Liverpool in 1845 and Thomas Ismay acquired the flag and the name of the White Star Line. His son J. Bruce Ismay was born in Liverpool and eventually took over the company. Rival liner Cunard also had offices in Liverpool, thus Cunard Liners had "Liverpool" on the back of their sterns as well. I believe Liverpool was the port of registration for these ships as that is the city where the ship is registered. A couple of other Titanic-related people, RMS Carpathia Captain Arthur Rostron and SS Californian Captain Stanley Lord were both born in nearby Bolton, Lancashire, which is about 36 miles outside of Liverpool.


Besides being a Titanic Enthusiast, I am a huge fan of music. I was an aspiring concert violinist at one point in my life. My favorite genres of music are classical, opera, and classic/hard rock. The first band I liked was The Beatles. I loved them as a kid. Of course, before I started doing all the serious Titanic research, when I saw "Liverpool" on the stern of the sinking liner, I thought of The Beatles. All four members, John Lennon (guitar, lead vocals), Paul McCartney (bass, lead vocals), George Harrison (lead guitar, vocals, occasional lead vocal) and Ringo Starr (drums, vocals, occasional lead vocal) were from Liverpool, which had changed quite a bit from the days of the RMS Titanic.


It has been said that the sinking of the RMS Titanic was the "end of an era." The sinking ended the era of man's belief that technology could outwit Mother Nature. The era of Man's arrogance was ended. Some 50 years later, one can argue that The Beatles ushered in another era, especially when they came over to America in 1964, some 52 years after the great liner sank. The Beatles brought in an era of jubilance and celebration, qualities that the maiden voyage of the RMS Titanic was supposed to exhibit. The Beatles went on to become one of, if not the most famous and influential band of all time. The RMS Titanic also is the most famous ship ever, but not in the way White Star Line had hoped. Titanic's huge influence can be more like how safety at sea has been improved. Again, that is not what the White Star Line had hoped.


Liverpool was the city that housed the home offices for the White Star Line and the port of registration for the RMS Titanic, and for being the literal and figurative birthplace of arguably the greatest band ever, The Beatles. This commonality and connection fascinated me as a music and Titanic enthusiast. I also found it interesting that the captains of the other two ships, the SS Californian and the RMS Carpathia were also born in the Liverpool area as well.


I hope you enjoyed this blog. Thank you.








Contact: Alydace@yahoo.com



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